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Geoffrey Litt

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Understanding is the new bottleneck

July 2026

Understanding is the new bottleneck

This is a written version of a talk I gave at the AI Engineer conference in July 2026, also shared as a tweet thread.

Title slide: Understanding is the new bottleneck. Geoffrey Litt, Design Engineer at Notion.

Hot take: I think it's still important to understand the code that our agents...

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Code like a surgeon

A lot of people say AI will make us all “managers” or “editors”…but I think this is a dangerously incomplete view!

Personally, I’m trying to code like a surgeon.

A surgeon isn’t a manager, they do the actual work! But their skills and time are highly...

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AI as teleportation

Here’s a thought experiment for pondering the effects AI might have on society: What if we invented teleportation?

A bit odd, I know, but bear with me…


The year is 2035. The Auto Go Instant (AGI) teleporter has been invented. You can now go anywhere...

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Enough AI copilots! We need AI HUDs

In my opinion, one of the best critiques of modern AI design comes from a 1992 talk by the researcher Mark Weiser where he ranted against “copilot” as a metaphor for AI.

This was 33 years ago, but it’s still incredibly relevant for anyone designing...

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Is chat a good UI for AI? A Socratic dialogue

The pupil was confused. Some people on Design Twitter said that chat isn’t a good UI for AI… but then chat seemed to be winning in many products? He climbed Mount GPT to consult a wizard…

🐣: please wizard tell me once and for all. is chat a good UI...

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Malleable software: Restoring user agency in a world of locked-down apps

Redirecting…

This essay lives at Ink & Switch.

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Stevens: a hackable AI assistant using a single SQLite table and a handful of cron jobs

There’s a lot of hype these days around patterns for building with AI. Agents, memory, RAG, assistants—so many buzzwords! But the reality is, you don’t need fancy techniques or libraries to build useful personal tools with LLMs.

In this short post...

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Avoid the nightmare bicycle

In my opinion, one of the most important ideas in product design is to avoid the “nightmare bicycle”.

Imagine a bicycle where the product manager said: “people don’t get math so we can’t have numbered gears. We need labeled buttons for gravel mode...

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AI-generated tools can make programming more fun

I want to tell you about a neat experience I had with AI-assisted programming this week. What’s unusual here is: the AI didn’t write a single line of my code. Instead, I used AI to build a custom debugger UI… which made it more fun for me to do the...

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Your pie doesn't need to be original (unless you claim it so)

Imagine you bake a delicious peach pie over the weekend, and you offer a slice to your friend. They respond:

“Wait, how is this different from every other peach pie that’s ever been baked? It seems really similar to another pie I had recently.”

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7 books that stood the test of time in 2023

It’s the most wonderful time of the year: when people proudly announce how many books they have read in the past 12 months. 10 books, 20 books, 57 books! Worry not—I know you don’t care, and besides, I have no idea how many books I read this year.

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Codifying a ChatGPT workflow into a malleable GUI

In my previous post, Malleable software in the age of LLMs, I laid out a theory for how LLMs might enable a new era of people creating their own personal software:

I think it’s likely that soon all computer users will have the ability to develop...

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Malleable software in the age of LLMs

A robot and a human coding together. Image from Midjourney.

It’s been a wild few weeks for large language models. OpenAI released GPT-4, which shows impressive gains on a variety of capabilities including coding. Microsoft Research released a paper showing how GPT-4 was able to produce quite sophisticated...